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Practical
Natural Gas Engineering
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Course
Outline |
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Module
1. Introduction To Natural Gas Engineering |
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Reserves |
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Pressure
and Temperature Bases for Gas |
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Measurement |
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Physical
Constants |
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Calculation
Procedures |
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Nomenclature |
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Module
2. Properties Of Natural Gas |
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Gas
Laws |
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Density
and Specific Volume |
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Compressibility
for Gases |
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Formation
Volume Factor |
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Mole
Fraction, Volume Fraction, and Mass Fraction |
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Apparent
Molecular Weight or Molar Mass |
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Volume
of a Pound–Mole |
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Relative
Density, Molar Mass Ratio, and Specific |
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Gravity
of Natural Gas |
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Viscosity
of Natural Gases |
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Calculation
of the Gas Gravity or Molar Mass |
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Ratio
of the Flowing Fluid in a Well |
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Gas
Calorimetry |
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Module
3. Application Of Gas Laws To Reservoir Engineering |
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Volumetric
Determination of Gas in Place Material Balance |
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Problems
in Using Material Balance Methods |
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Module
4. Gas Measurement |
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Orifice
Meter |
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Description
of Orifice Meters |
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Pulsating
Flow |
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Critical
Flow Prover |
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Flow
Of Natural Gas In Circular Pipe And Annular Conductors |
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Development
of Equations |
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Coefficient
of Friction |
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Average
Velocity and Reynolds Number for Flow of Natural Gas in Pipe |
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Applicability
of Equations for Coefficient of Friction |
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Flow
Calculations |
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Size
of Integration Interval |
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Kinetic
Energy Term in Flow Equations |
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Flow
at Constant Temperature and Compressibility |
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Weymouth
Formula |
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Flow
in Annular Spaces |
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Module
5. Flow Of Gas In Porous Media (A Review) |
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Porosity |
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Permeability |
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Darcy's
Law |
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Flow
of Gases in Porous Media |
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Equations
for Radial Flow of Gases |
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Radial
Flow of Gas in Parallel Beds |
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Radial
Flow of Gas in Series Beds |
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Module
6. Gas Well Testing |
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Types
of Gas Well Testing |
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Definitions
of Terms |
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Preparation
of a Well for Testing |
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Testing
Practices |
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Shut–in
Pressure |
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Multipoint
Test and Example |
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Significance
of Open–Flow Potentials |
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Module
7. Pressure Adjustment of Open–Flow Potentials |
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One–Point
Test |
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Isochronal
Test and Example |
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Information
Test |
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Comparison
with Theory |
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Summary |
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Module
8. Unsteady–State Flow Behavior Of Gas Wells |
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Behavior
Against a Constant Wellbore Pressure |
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Example
and Analysis of Unsteady–State Behavior |
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Type
Curve Matching |
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Calculating
the Real Gas Potential |
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Pressure
Buildup Behavior |
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Production
Forecasting |
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Time
for the Pressure Disturbance to Reach the Reservoir Boundary |
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Module
9. Production Forecasting For Gas Wells |
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Operating
Conditions for Production Forecasting |
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Wells
with Excess Productive Capacity |
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Wells
with Production Rate Limited to a Fraction of the Open–Flow Potential |
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Production
Rates for Wells Flowing Against a Constant Back Pressure |
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Module
10. Production Decline Curves For Gas Wells |
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Comparison
to the Theoretical Decline Curve |
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Production
Decline Behavior of Actual Gas Wells |
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Module
11. Sizing Flow Strings For Gas Wells |
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Tubing
Sizes Required for Various Rates of Flow |
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Sizing
Tubing to Lift Liquids at Various Flow Rates |
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Module
12. Remedial Measures For Gas Wells |
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Records
for Diagnosis of Well Problems |
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Causes
of Deterioration in Performance |
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Module
13. Gas Sales Contracts |
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Summary |
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